Secure Data Transfer over Internet Using Image Steganography: Review
Dakhaz Mustafa Abdullah *
Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Siddeeq Y. Ameen
Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Naaman Omar
Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Azar Abid Salih
Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Dindar Mikaeel Ahmed
Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Shakir Fattah Kak
Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Hajar Maseeh Yasin
Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Ibrahim Mahmood Ibrahim
Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Awder Mohammed Ahmed
Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Zryan Najat Rashid
Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Whether it's for work or personal well-being, keeping secrets or private information has become part of our everyday existence. Therefore, several researchers acquire an entire focus on secure transmitting secret information. Confidential information is collectively referred to as Steganography for inconspicuous digital media such as video, audio, and images. In disguising information, Steganography plays a significant role. Traditional Steganography faces a further concern of discovery as steganalysis develops. The safety of present steganographic technologies thus has to be improved. In this research, some of the techniques that have been used to hide information inside images have been reviewed. According to the hiding domain, these techniques can be divided into two main parts: The spatial Domain and Transform Domain. In this paper, three methods for each Domain have been chosen to be studied and evaluated. These are; Least Significant Bit (LSB), Pixel Value Difference (PVD), Exploiting Modification Direction (EMD), contourlet transform, Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT), and, Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT). Finally, the best results that have been obtained in terms of higher PSNR, Capacity, and more robustness and security are discussed.
Keywords: Steganography, cryptography, robustness, security, spatial domain, transform domain.